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Trace fossil classification : ウィキペディア英語版 | Trace fossil classification Trace fossils are classified in various ways for different purposes. Traces can be classified taxonomically (by morphology), ethologically (by behavior), and toponomically, that is, according to their relationship to the surrounding sedimentary layers. Outside of special cases, phylogenetic classification of trace fossils is unsatisfactory because the makers of most trace fossils are unknown. ==Taxonomic classification== The taxonomic classification of trace fossils parallels the taxonomic classification of organisms under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. In trace fossil nomenclature a Latin binomial name is used, just as in animal and plant taxonomy, with a genus and specific epithet. However, the binomial names are not linked to an organism, but rather just a trace fossil. This is due to the rarity of association between a trace fossil and a specific organism or group of organisms. Trace fossils are therefore included in an ''ichnotaxon'' separate from Linnaean taxonomy. When referring to trace fossils, the terms ''ichnogenus'' and ''ichnospecies'' parallel genus and species respectively. The most promising cases of phylogenetic classification are those in which similar trace fossils show details complex enough to deduce the makers, such as bryozoan borings, large trilobite trace fossils such as ''Cruziana'', and vertebrate footprints. However, most trace fossils lack sufficiently complex details to allow such classification. ==Ethologic classification==
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